Conditions for Pharmacology Seminars (Credits)
Maximum two absences
Successful passing of all tests
Active presence on practical lessons
Examination rules for students of Dental Medicine at the Institute of Pharmacology in the subject Pharmacology
Announcement of examination
The examination dates will be set during the regular examination period of the summer semester. All dates will be announced in the 5th week of the semester. All dates are entered in the SIS, together with the information specifying the start of registration and the deadlines for (un)registraion. This number of dates will be definitive.
During the regular examination period of the summer semester will be announced for the summer holiday time, and for the second part of the regular examination period (beginning of September). All dates are entered in the SIS, together with the information specifying the start of registration and the deadlines for (un)registraion. No additional examination terms will be issued.
Rules for registration for exams and cancellation.
The start of registration for specific examination dates will be entered in SIS, and it will be different in particular groups of terms.
For the pre-term and regular terms, registration is possible from the 7th week of the summer semester.
Students can log in to only one examination date. Registration for an exam is not conditional upon obtaining the credit but taking the exam is, apart from the credit in the given subject, also limited by completion of any subject that is specified as a (pre)requisite. A student who fails to meet the given requisites will be deleted from the list for the term before examination, of which he/she will be informed by e-mail. This deletion will not reduce the number of terms further available for the student. A student can only take the exam if registered for the term in SIS, and when all requisites for the exam have been met.
Failure to turn up for examination and apology.
The student who fails to turn up for the examination that he/she has registered for cannot register for another examination date.The student must apologise to Dr. Olga Bartošová, omato@lf1.cuni.cz, tel. 224 968 030, 224 96 4133 in writing or in electronic mail, giving and substantiating the reasons for the apology.The student will be informed about acceptance of the apology and also deleted from the original list so that he/she can register for another date.The principal teacher of the subject can require specification of the apology or its reasons if he/she finds the apology insufficient.
Re-examinations
A student can take an examination for three times as a maximum, i.e. the student is entitled to two re-examinations, and no extraordinary terms beyond that are allowed. However, if the student does not exploit the above options within the set examination dates, this does not entitle him/her to a special date of examination to be appointed for him/her personally. No more examination dates (“terms”) will be set. Further, no examinations can be taken after the end of the second part of the regular examination period in September, or after the last term announced.
Rules pertaining to the course of examination.
The exam consists of two parts.
1) prescription writing – two drugs with the using of Pharmindex (time limit 20 minutes)
2) The student draws a triplet of exam questions, is entitled to 15-20 minutes of preparation, and then takes the exam. Recommended study materials are published using SIS.
Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine
Charles University
Final examination questions (pharmacology) for the dentistry students (3rd year)
1. a. Clinical trials (objectives and characteristics of individual phases).
b. Local anesthetics (pharmacokinetics, side effects, contraindications, intoxication).
c. Hypnotics and sedatives; characteristics, ARs, contraindications.
2. a. The relationship between dose, plasma level and drug effect (examples of TDM).
b. Sympathetic nervous system - sympathomimetics.
c. Immunosuppressants and immunomodulants.
3. a. Pharmacokinetics - dosage regimen, TDM, maintenance dose, loading dose and how to
calculate.
b. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Clinical uses and adverse effects of aspirin and
paracetamol.
c. Local anesthetics (mechanism of action, classification, effect of vasoconstricion drugs).
4. a. Transport mechanisms of drugs across biomembranes.
b. Drugs in general anesthesia.
c. The pharmacology of drugs used in epilepsy.
5. a. Active and passive transport across biomembranes.
b. Describe drugs useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of migraine headache (asymptotic
phase, prodromal phase and headache phase).
c. Outline drugs acting on fungi with mechanisms of action.
6. a. Routes of drug administration (relationship between mode of administration to speed and
duration of effect).
b. Benzodiazepines and mechanism of action and uses.
c. Anticoagulants and fibrynolytics, therapeutic indications.
7. a. Main pharmacokinetic parameters affecting plasma drug level at steady state.
b. Local anesthetics (mechanism of action, classification, effect of vasoconstricion drugs).
c. Diuretics (classification, mechanism of action and therapeutic applications).
8. a. Drug biotransformation and significance for drug elimination .
b. Drug treatment for parkinsonism, potential drug use in other neurodegenerative diseases.
c. Drugs employed in the management of acute and chronic bronchial asthma attacks.
9. a. Kinetics of drug elimination from the body of the organism.
b. Histamine receptor antagonists and clinical applications.
c. Therapeutic uses of beta-sympatholytics and calcium channel blockers.
10. a. Relationship between dose, plasma level of drug and effect. Demonstrate with graphical
presentations.
b. Opiates analgesia (mode of action, classification, morphine and other strong
agonists, opiate addiction and treatment).
c. Severe unwanted effects of antibiotic (allergic reactions, toxicity on nervous system,
hematopoesis, cardiovascular and respiratory system with examples).
11. a. Main sites of drug actions (receptors and nonreceptors).
b. Local anesthetics, overview, uses, toxicity.
c. Medicines for the treatment of thyroid diseases.
12. a. Blood, plasma, blood substitutes.
b. Histamine and antihistamines, clinical uses and side effects.
c. Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
13. a. Drug biotransformation and elimination and contribution to the pharmacodynamic
effects and therapeutic uses.
b. Classification of antihypertensive drugs, status of beta-blockers among these drugs, and
various clinical usefulness of beta-blockers.
c. Fluoroquinolones and quinolones and other drugs used for treatment of urinary tract
infections.
14. a. Factors affecting response to drugs (give examples).
b. Drug treatment in hyperlipoproteinemias, classification, drugs reducing cholesterol
levels.
c. Penicillins, differences between various groups, clinical uses.
15. a. Special features of drug use (pregnancy, lactation, childhood, old age).
b. Hormonal and nonhormonal drugs that are useful in the treatment of bone miniral
disorders (eg. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia, Paget’s disease).
c. Describe the appropriate drug treatments (s) for major common skin diseases.
16. a. Drug dependence (examples of drug abuse).
b. Coronary vasodilators and drugs used in ischemic heart disease.
c. Classify and describe the pharmacological profiles of drugs used in ophthalmology.
17. a. Relationship between dose and effect (define types of doses, therapeutic dose, loading
or priming dose, toxic dose, therapeutic index. etc.)
b. Neuromuscular blockers and central muscle relaxants.
c. Drugs during pregnancy and lactation (tocolytics, uterotonics, an overview of adverse
effects of drugs during pregnancy.
18. a. Significance of pharmacokinetic for optimizing drug dosage (relation between dose,
concentration and drug effect, bioavailability, and therapeutic monitoring of blood
levels).
b. Clinically important alcohols and their antagonists (drugs used to treat alcohol
withdrawal, drugs to treat alcohol dependence, drugs used to treat acute methanol or
ethylene glycol intoxication).
c. Drugs used in congestive heart failure (classification, mode of action in heart failure,
ACE inhibitors and inhibitors of AT1 receptors).
19. a. Drug concentration-time course in the blood.
b. Skeletal muscle relaxants.
c. Drug therapy of diabetes mellitus.
20. a. Therapeutic window, therapeutic index, individual variability in patient sensitivity to
the drugs.
b. Neuroleptics, antidepressants (including selective serotonin release inhibitors SSRI).
c. Corticosteroids.
21. a. Signaling mechanisms and drug action.
b. Opioid analgesics partial agonists, mixed agonist-antagonist, opiate antagonists, opiate
addiction and treatment.
c. An overview on drugs affecting behavior. Antianxiety drugs and clinical uses.
22. a. Intoxication of xenobiotics, principles of patient care, antidotes.
b. Disinfection, antiseptics.
c. Hormones and vitamins affecting calcium homeostasis, the treatment of established
osteoporosis. Drug treatment of hyper- and hypocalcaemia.
23. a. Factors modifying drug response.
b. Sympathetic nervous system – sympatholytics.
c. Effects of nitric oxide, and potential use of NO donors and inhibitors.
24. a. Adverse reactions to drugs.
b. Cancer Chemotherapy.
c. Uterotonics and tocolytics.
25. a. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs, routes of drug
administration.
b. Antihypertensive drugs, classification, mode of action, advantages and
disadvantages of individual agents.
c. Chemotherapy of fungal infections.
26. a. Desensitization and receptor hypersensitivity (mechanisms, examples).
b. Parasympathetic - Cholinergics, Anticholinergics, Ganglion stimulants and blockers.
c.Emetics and antiemitics.
27. a. Signaling mechanisms and drug action.
b. Chemotherapy of cancer, classification of cytostatics, adverse effects.
c. Laxatives and antidiarrheal drugs.
28. a. Pharmacokinetics; Its use in clinical practice, basic pharmacokinetic parameters,
determining the optimal dosing regimen.
b. Antihypertensive agents, overview, ACE inhibitors (effect after chronic use, undesired
effects).
c. Estrogen, progesterone – contraception, HRT.
29. a. Relation between drug dose and clinical response with graphical illustrations.
b. Drugs for arthritides and gout.
c. Cephalosporins (classification and clinical indications).
30. a. Teratogenic and carcinogenic effects of drugs.
b. Drugs for constipation and diarrhoea.
c. Classify beta-lactam antibiotics and other cell wall synthesis inhibitors: mode of
actions and adverse effects.
31. a. Physico-chemical basics of pharmacokinetics, ionization, dissociation of substances.
b. General principles in antimicrobial therapy, classification, mechanisms of effect and
development of resistence.
c. Mechanism of action and therapeutic indications of various anticoagulents and
antiplatelet drug.
32. a. Sources of drug information and type of information about available drugs.
b. Drug treatment of ischemic heart disease.
c. Aminoglycosides; indications, side effects.
33. a. Define the affinity and intrinsic activity of substances, agonism, competitive and
noncompetitive antagonism and dualism.
b. Benzodiazepines and new compounds with selective hypnotic effects.
c. Antitussive and expectorant drugs.
34. a.Drug intoxication and general principles in patient treatment and specific antidotes.
b. Antiviral drugs.
c. Drug treatment of peptic ulcer and Crohn´s disease. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori
infection.
35. a. Mechanism of receptor and non receptor drug actions (give examples).
b. Drugs used in hyperlipoproteinemias. Potential drug use in obesity.
c. Antimicrobial combinations, advantages and disadvantages, example
of synergism and antagonism of individual combinations.
36. a. Mechanisms of drug effects at the molecular level, illustrate with examples.
b. Treatment of poisoning.
c. Androgens and anabolic steroids, drugs used in prostatic hyperplasia.
Examination on prescription writing
(Dental drug)
1. - Rp. A drug for the tretment of
chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
- Rp. Antimicrobial agent in ophthalmology
2. - Rp. A drug that reduces cholesterol levels
- Rp. Antidepressant drug
3. - Rp. New oral anticoagulants
- Rp. A drug for the treatment of oxyuriasis (for
a child b.w. 20 kg)
4. - Rp. Glaucoma (eye drops)
- Rp. A drug for hypertension (medium potency)
5. - Rp. Antibacterial drug combination for external use
- Rp. Drug for bleeding after delivery
6. - Rp. Infusion of mannitol 10 % (Infusio mannitoli 10%, 500 ml)
- Rp. Antimalarial drug
7. - Rp. Antiemetic drug
- Rp. Hepatoprotective drug
8. - Rp. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug for adult patient
- Rp. Chemotherapeutic agent of urinary tract infection
9. - Rp. Opioid analgesic in drops
- Rp. Antistaphylococcal drug
10. - Rp. A drug useful in collitis ulcerosa
- Rp. An oral anticoagulant drug for patient in outpatients
11. - Rp. An anxiolytic drug
- Rp. Chemotherapeutic agent for streptococcal throat infection
12- Rp. A drug in hyperuricemia
- Rp. A drug in asthma bronchiale, acute attack
13- Rp. Potassium salt for p.o. application
- Rp. A vitamin B12 preparation
14- Rp. A fast-acting insulin
- Rp. A short acting hypnotic
15. - Rp. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) suppositories for a child (15 kg)
- Rp. Antacid drug
16. - Rp. Suppositories with glycerol
- Rp. A drug in angina pectoris (acute attack)
17. - Rp. Intestinal adsorbent
- Rp. Antiviral drug for local use
18. - Rp. Nonopioid antitussic drug
- Rp. Macrolide
19. - Rp. A drug for the treatment of the gout
- Rp. A drug in status epilepticus
20- Rp. Eye drops with antiseptic drug
- Rp. Peroral antidiabetic drug
21- Rp. A drug in chronic congestive heart failure
- Rp. A drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
22- Rp. Low molecular weight heparin
- Rp. Antimanic drug
23- Rp. Combination preparation with opioid and non-opioid analgesic
- Rp. Chronic congestive heart failure
24- Rp. A drug to treatment of diarrhea
- Rp. A preparation containing iron
25- Rp. A drug to treatment of constipation
- Rp. Potassium sparing diuretic
26- Rp. A drug for the treatment of climacteric syndrome
- Rp. Highly potent diuretic drug
27. - Rp. A drug for the treatment of osteoporosis
- Rp. Central myorelaxant drug
28. - Rp. Antimicrobial preparation for erradication of Helicobacter pylori
- Rp. Digoxin for 75 years old patient with reduced kidney functions
29. - Rp. Opioid analgesic drug as injection
- Rp. Hypnotic drug with longer duration of action
30. - Rp. Oral contraceptive drug
- Rp. Drug for onychomycosis (Antifungal drug)
31. - Rp. Oral anticoagulant drug
- Rp. Uterotonic drug after delivery
32. - Rp. A plasma substituent
- Rp. A commonly used neuroleptic drug
33. - Rp. Hormonal drug with immunosupressive action
- Rp. Drug with antiaggreganting (antiplatelet) action